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[align=center]Basic Definitions of Some Terms of Translation[/align]
[english]Translation is the process of transformation a text from one language into another. Translation is important because it enables people to read books of any filed of language whether they are economic, scientific or literary. The Arab reader can read a French or English book in Arabic through translation. We have important definition of the terms of Translation to be defined.
First, the term "text" means any written or spoken passage which can make sense. A "text" can be either minimal or maximal. The former "minimal" can be only one word like the road sign "Stop" whose meaning is understood by all drivers. The latter "maximal" can be thousands of pages like the complete Greek books.
Second we have the terms " source language" , " target language " , "Source text " , and "target text " . By "source language" SL we mean the original spoken or written passage, and by "target language" TL we mean the language of the translation of the source language. Furthermore, by "source text" ST we mean the text which requires translation, and by "target text" TT we mean the translation of the source text.
Third, we have the term "Strategy" which refers to the translator's decisions and methods in translating a text after an initial reading. In other words, it is the translator's plan in translating a text. "Strategic decisions" are the first set of reasoned decisions taken by the translator." Decisions of detail " are concerning with the specific problems of grammar, vocabulary, etc., which are encountered in translating particular expressions in their particular context. The good translator is the one who is able to understand the semantic and the linguistic features of the given text.
Fourth, we have to speak about the "interlingual translation", which refers to the things that are common in every language and it is a fact that every language has its own idiosyncratic characteristics. The good translator has to read the text carefully to know its spirit, tone, and message, and of course he has to show the real ideas that are directed to the receivers . In other words , the good translator has to show whether the writer is happy or sad , and whether the text is a praise or denunciation of some thing .
In brief , translation has many basic and important terms which are the essential means of it in its process of transformation from any language into any another .[/english]
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( صفوة لتعليم اللغة الإنكليزية و الترجمة )
آخر تعديل بواسطة Safwat في الجمعة يناير 02, 2009 12:49 am، تم التعديل مرة واحدة.
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